The differences between the Start of Winter and the Winter Solstice

The Start of Winter and the Winter Solstice are two important traditional Chinese festivals that mark the beginning of winter. Although they are closely related, there are some distinct differences between them.
Firstly, the Start of Winter is a solar term, which is based on the solar calendar. It occurs on November 7 or 8 each year, when the sun reaches the celestial longitude of 225 degrees. This day is considered the beginning of winter, and the temperature starts to drop significantly.
On the other hand, the Winter Solstice is a lunar term, which is based on the lunar calendar. It usually falls on December 21 or 22 each year, when the sun is at its southernmost point in the sky. This day is the shortest day and longest night of the year, and it marks the peak of winter.
Secondly, the customs and activities of the two festivals are different. The Start of Winter is a time for families to gather and celebrate, often with a meal that includes dumplings, a traditional food symbolizing wealth and happiness. People also pay respect to their ancestors and pray for good luck in the coming year.
The Winter Solstice, however, is a time for people to stay warm and healthy. It is customary to eat foods that are believed to have warming properties, such as tangyuan (sweet rice balls) and winter melon. People also take the opportunity to clean their homes and prepare for the cold winter ahead.
In conclusion, while the Start of Winter and the Winter Solstice are both significant festivals that mark the beginning of winter, they have distinct characteristics. The Start of Winter is based on the solar calendar and is a time for family gatherings, while the Winter Solstice is based on the lunar calendar and focuses on staying warm and healthy.
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