Title: Dragon Boat Festival: Customs, Origins, and Legends

Introduction:
The Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanwu Festival, is a traditional Chinese festival celebrated on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month. It has a rich history and various customs. In this handout, we will explore the origins of the festival, its customs, and some famous legends associated with it.
Origins:
The Dragon Boat Festival has a long history, dating back to the Warring States period (475-221 BC). It is believed that the festival was established to commemorate the death of Qu Yuan, a loyal minister of the state of Chu during the Warring States period.
Customs:
1. Dragon Boat Racing: This is the most famous custom of the Dragon Boat Festival. Teams of rowers compete in long boats, shaped like a dragon, while a drummer beats a rhythm to guide the rowers.
2. Eating Zongzi: Zongzi, or sticky rice dumplings, are a traditional food of the Dragon Boat Festival. They are made with glutinous rice, bamboo leaves, and various fillings, such as red bean paste, meat, or egg.
3. Hanging Calamus: Calamus, also known as mugwort, is believed to ward off evil spirits. During the festival, people hang calamus and mugwort around their homes and wear them as necklaces.
4. Drinking Realgar Wine: Realgar wine is a traditional drink made with realgar, a toxic mineral. It is believed to have medicinal properties and is consumed to ward off evil spirits.
5. Wearing Periwinkle: Periwinkle, a type of flower, is worn as a necklace or pinned to clothing during the festival. It is believed to protect against illness and evil spirits.
Legends:
1. Qu Yuan's Suicide: Qu Yuan was a loyal minister who was exiled and eventually committed *** by drowning himself in the Miluo River. The people of Chu paddled out in boats to search for his body and threw rice dumplings into the river to prevent fish from eating his body.
2. The Dragon Boat: The dragon boat is believed to be inspired by the dragon, a symbol of power and strength in Chinese culture. It is said that the dragon boat was used to search for Qu Yuan's body and to scare away evil spirits.
3. The Calamus and Mugwort: The calamus and mugwort are believed to have been used by Qu Yuan's friends to prevent fish from eating his body. They also believed that the strong fragrance of these plants would ward off evil spirits.
Conclusion:
The Dragon Boat Festival is a vibrant and significant traditional Chinese festival with a rich history and customs. It is a time for people to honor the memory of Qu Yuan, enjoy the festive atmosphere, and participate in various activities that symbolize the festival's themes of loyalty, courage, and protection against evil.
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