The Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanwu Festival, is a traditional Chinese holiday that falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar, usually in June. Here are some of the customs and cultural significance of the festival in English:

Customs:
1. Dragon Boat Racing: The most famous and well-known custom is dragon boat racing, where teams of rowers compete in long boats shaped like dragons. The dragon's head and tail are adorned with colorful decorations and streamers.
2. Zongzi (sticky rice dumplings): Zongzi are sticky rice dumplings filled with various ingredients like red bean paste, osmanthus, or meat. They are wrapped in bamboo leaves and cooked in water. Eating zongzi is a traditional way to celebrate the festival.
3. Hanging Calamus Leaves and Mugwort: Calamus leaves and mugwort are hung in homes to ward off evil spirits and mosquitoes. It is believed that these plants can protect the family and prevent diseases.
4. Wearing Chinese Periwinkle (Lung Ching or May Plant): A herb called Chinese periwinkle is worn as an amulet to promote health and longevity. The leaves are believed to have medicinal properties.
5. Drinking Realgar Wine: Realgar wine is a toxic red wine made from realgar, an ore of arsenic. It is said to have medicinal properties and is consumed in small amounts.
Cultural Significance:
1. Honoring Qu Yuan: The Dragon Boat Festival is primarily celebrated in memory of Qu Yuan, a famous poet and statesman of the Warring States period. Qu Yuan drowned himself in the Miluo River out of despair over his country's plight, and the festival is held to commemorate his loyalty and patriotism.
2. Dragon symbolism: The dragon, as a symbol of power and prosperity in Chinese culture, represents the spirit of the festival. Dragon boat racing is thought to be a way to honor the dragon spirit and bring good luck to the community.
3. Remembrance of Heroes: The festival serves as a reminder of bravery and sacrifice, not only for Qu Yuan but also for other heroic figures in Chinese history.
4. Promoting Health and Safety: The customs associated with the festival, such as wearing protective herbs and avoiding mosquitoes, reflect the ancient Chinese people's concern for health and safety.
5. Family and Community: The Dragon Boat Festival is a time for families to gather and celebrate together, as well as for the community to come together to participate in dragon boat races and other festivities.
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