The Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanwu Festival, is a traditional Chinese holiday that falls on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month. Its origins and history are rich and complex, with various legends and customs associated with it.

**Origins and History:**
1. **Qu Yuan's Suicide:** One of the most popular legends about the Dragon Boat Festival is the story of Qu Yuan, a famous poet and statesman from the Warring States period (475-221 BC). Qu Yuan was a loyal minister who was exiled by the king of the Chu state due to political intrigue. Feeling despair over the state of his country, Qu Yuan drowned himself in the Miluo River. The people of Chu paddled out in boats to search for his body, hitting their drums and throwing rice into the river to feed the fish, so they wouldn't eat Qu Yuan's body. This event is said to have occurred on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month.
2. **Zhuangyuan's Birthday:** Another legend is that the festival commemorates the birthday of Zhuangyuan, a deity in Chinese mythology. Zhuangyuan is believed to have been a wise and virtuous scholar who was also a great poet. His birthday is celebrated with dragon boat races and other traditional activities.
**Customs and Activities:**
1. **Dragon Boat Races:** The most famous activity associated with the Dragon Boat Festival is the dragon boat race. Teams of rowers compete in long boats, which are decorated with dragon heads and tails. The races are believed to honor the bravery of the people who searched for Qu Yuan's body.
2. **Eating Zongzi:** Zongzi, or sticky rice dumplings, are another important aspect of the Dragon Boat Festival. These dumplings are made with glutinous rice and filled with various ingredients such as red bean paste, meat, or dates. They are wrapped in bamboo leaves and cooked in water.
3. **Wearing Periwinkle Leaves:** It is believed that wearing periwinkle leaves can ward off evil spirits and diseases. People often wear these leaves or place them in their hair during the festival.
4. **Pasting Calamities:** Children often paste calabash or bamboo strips on their doors to ward off evil spirits and misfortune.
The Dragon Boat Festival is a time for families to gather, honor their ancestors, and participate in traditional activities that have been passed down through generations. It is a celebration of Chinese culture and history, and it continues to be an important holiday in many parts of China and among Chinese communities around the world.
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