The Origin of Dragon Boat Festival

The Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanwu Festival, is a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month. It has a long history and rich cultural significance.
According to the most popular legend, the festival commemorates the death of Qu Yuan, a famous poet and statesman from the Warring States period (475-221 BC). Qu Yuan was a loyal minister who was exiled by the king of the Chu state due to his political disagreements. Feeling despair over the state's decline, he drowned himself in the Miluo River. The local people, in their sorrow, raced out in boats to search for his body and threw rice into the river to prevent fish from eating his body. This event eventually evolved into the Dragon Boat Festival.
Another legend attributes the origin of the festival to the worship of dragons, as the 5th day of the 5th lunar month is considered the birthday of the dragon king. Dragon boats are decorated with dragon motifs, and dragon dances are performed to honor the dragon king.
The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in various ways across China and other Asian countries. Here are some of the main customs:
1. Dragon Boat Races: The most iconic activity of the festival is the dragon boat race. Teams of rowers compete in long boats, which are adorned with dragon heads and tails. The races symbolize the search for Qu Yuan's body.
2. Eating Zongzi: Zongzi, or sticky rice dumplings, are a traditional food associated with the Dragon Boat Festival. They are made with glutinous rice, bamboo leaves, and various fillings, such as red bean paste, meat, or egg.
3. Wearing Periwinkle Leaves: Periwinkle leaves are believed to ward off evil spirits and insects. People often wear them in their hair or on their wrists during the festival.
4. Drinking Realgar Wine: Realgar wine is a traditional drink made from realgar, a toxic mineral. It is believed to have medicinal properties and is consumed to prevent diseases and promote health.
5. Carrying Incense Baskets: Incense baskets filled with various herbs and incense sticks are carried around to ward off evil spirits and bring good fortune.
The Dragon Boat Festival is not only a time to remember the historical figure Qu Yuan but also a time for people to come together, celebrate their culture, and enjoy the festive atmosphere.
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